Investigating butanol–gasoline blend reforming process towards sustainable CO2 reduction

Moloud Mardani; Jasdeep Singh; Omid Doustdar; Soheil Zeraati Rezaei; Martin Herreros; Paul Millington; John Pignon; Athanasios Tsolakis

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133526

Investigating butanol–gasoline blend reforming process towards sustainable CO2 reduction

Moloud Mardani, Jasdeep Singh, Omid Doustdar, Soheil Zeraati Rezaei, Martin Herreros, Paul Millington, John Pignon, Athanasios Tsolakis^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Mechanical Engineering

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Abstract

This study investigates the thermochemical energy recovery during butanol exhaust-gas-assisted fuel reforming in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. The production of hydrogen (H₂) through catalytic reforming was studied in a full-scale reactor loaded with rhodium (Rh)–platinum (Pt) catalysts and integrated within the engine exhaust. Thermodynamic equilibrium analyses are conducted via ANSYS-CHEMKIN based on Gibbs energy minimisation. Both experimental and numerical studies revealed that butanol (in this case, blended in gasoline − B33%) promotes endothermic reactions in the reforming reactor, yielding higher H₂ production with improved heat recovery by up to 11% compared to gasoline. Theoretical calculations of using the reformed gas in the engine for combustion as reformed exhaust gas recirculation (REGR) predicted fuel savings and a nearly 8% reduction in CO₂. The work underlines the advantages of butanol reforming in enhancing fuel economy and reducing emissions in GDI engines and highlights the importance of the fuel properties in overall system efficiency.

Original language	English
Article number	133526
Journal	Fuel
Volume	381
Issue number	Part C
Early online date	29 Oct 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133526
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2025

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Decarbonised Clean Marine: Green Ammonia Thermal Propulsion (MariNH3)
Herreros, M. (Co-Investigator), Wu, D. (Co-Investigator) & Tsolakis, A. (Principal Investigator)
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council
1/07/22 → 30/06/27
Project: Research Councils
FACE - Novel Integrated Fuel Reformer-Aftertreament System for Clean and Efficient Road Vehicles
Attallah, M. (Co-Investigator), Tsolakis, A. (Principal Investigator), Essa, K. (Co-Investigator), Windridge, D. (Co-Investigator) & Gough, R. (Co-Investigator)
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council
1/09/17 → 30/06/21
Project: Research Councils
CREO - CO2 Reduction through Emissions Optimisation (Lead Ford Motor Co Ltd)
Tsolakis, A. (Principal Investigator), Dearn, K. (Co-Investigator), Wyszynski, M. (Co-Investigator) & Xu, H. (Co-Investigator)
TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY BOARD
1/09/10 → 30/11/13
Project: Other Government Departments

Cite this

@article{cb7e3a0c13d94ce49c7f52e8ee2f35a9,

title = "Investigating butanol–gasoline blend reforming process towards sustainable CO2 reduction",

abstract = "This study investigates the thermochemical energy recovery during butanol exhaust-gas-assisted fuel reforming in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. The production of hydrogen (H2) through catalytic reforming was studied in a full-scale reactor loaded with rhodium (Rh)–platinum (Pt) catalysts and integrated within the engine exhaust. Thermodynamic equilibrium analyses are conducted via ANSYS-CHEMKIN based on Gibbs energy minimisation. Both experimental and numerical studies revealed that butanol (in this case, blended in gasoline − B33\%) promotes endothermic reactions in the reforming reactor, yielding higher H2 production with improved heat recovery by up to 11\% compared to gasoline. Theoretical calculations of using the reformed gas in the engine for combustion as reformed exhaust gas recirculation (REGR) predicted fuel savings and a nearly 8\% reduction in CO2. The work underlines the advantages of butanol reforming in enhancing fuel economy and reducing emissions in GDI engines and highlights the importance of the fuel properties in overall system efficiency.",

author = "Moloud Mardani and Jasdeep Singh and Omid Doustdar and \{Zeraati Rezaei\}, Soheil and Martin Herreros and Paul Millington and John Pignon and Athanasios Tsolakis",

year = "2025",

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doi = "10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133526",

language = "English",

volume = "381",

journal = "Fuel",

issn = "0016-2361",

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T1 - Investigating butanol–gasoline blend reforming process towards sustainable CO2 reduction

AU - Mardani, Moloud

AU - Singh, Jasdeep

AU - Doustdar, Omid

AU - Zeraati Rezaei, Soheil

AU - Herreros, Martin

AU - Millington, Paul

AU - Pignon, John

AU - Tsolakis, Athanasios

PY - 2025/2/1

Y1 - 2025/2/1

N2 - This study investigates the thermochemical energy recovery during butanol exhaust-gas-assisted fuel reforming in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. The production of hydrogen (H2) through catalytic reforming was studied in a full-scale reactor loaded with rhodium (Rh)–platinum (Pt) catalysts and integrated within the engine exhaust. Thermodynamic equilibrium analyses are conducted via ANSYS-CHEMKIN based on Gibbs energy minimisation. Both experimental and numerical studies revealed that butanol (in this case, blended in gasoline − B33%) promotes endothermic reactions in the reforming reactor, yielding higher H2 production with improved heat recovery by up to 11% compared to gasoline. Theoretical calculations of using the reformed gas in the engine for combustion as reformed exhaust gas recirculation (REGR) predicted fuel savings and a nearly 8% reduction in CO2. The work underlines the advantages of butanol reforming in enhancing fuel economy and reducing emissions in GDI engines and highlights the importance of the fuel properties in overall system efficiency.

AB - This study investigates the thermochemical energy recovery during butanol exhaust-gas-assisted fuel reforming in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. The production of hydrogen (H2) through catalytic reforming was studied in a full-scale reactor loaded with rhodium (Rh)–platinum (Pt) catalysts and integrated within the engine exhaust. Thermodynamic equilibrium analyses are conducted via ANSYS-CHEMKIN based on Gibbs energy minimisation. Both experimental and numerical studies revealed that butanol (in this case, blended in gasoline − B33%) promotes endothermic reactions in the reforming reactor, yielding higher H2 production with improved heat recovery by up to 11% compared to gasoline. Theoretical calculations of using the reformed gas in the engine for combustion as reformed exhaust gas recirculation (REGR) predicted fuel savings and a nearly 8% reduction in CO2. The work underlines the advantages of butanol reforming in enhancing fuel economy and reducing emissions in GDI engines and highlights the importance of the fuel properties in overall system efficiency.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85207596792

U2 - 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133526

DO - 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133526

M3 - Article

SN - 0016-2361

VL - 381

JO - Fuel

JF - Fuel

IS - Part C

M1 - 133526

ER -

Investigating butanol–gasoline blend reforming process towards sustainable CO2 reduction

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Projects

Decarbonised Clean Marine: Green Ammonia Thermal Propulsion (MariNH3)

FACE - Novel Integrated Fuel Reformer-Aftertreament System for Clean and Efficient Road Vehicles

CREO - CO2 Reduction through Emissions Optimisation (Lead Ford Motor Co Ltd)

Cite this