Abstract
This paper proposes a new mathematical model of modular multilevel converters for battery electric vehicles with space-vectors enabling a critical analysis of cell balancing for the battery management system. In particular, the requirements for power balancing and the actual number of degrees of freedom of the control are investigated. The paper shows that the traditional approach of cell balancing is a special case of the proposed control methodology. Numerical analyses with Matlab/Simulink™ highlight the reasons of the slow response of the standard balancing technique for specific operating conditions of the battery electric vehicle. The paper suggests potential improvements that could be introduced through the proposed generalised approach.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 1628 |
Journal | Energies |
Volume | 10 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 17 Oct 2017 |
Keywords
- Battery management system (BMS)
- Electric vehicles (EV)
- Lithium-ion cells
- Modular multilevel converters (MMCs)
- State-of-charge balancing
- Traction drives
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Computer Science
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Energy (miscellaneous)