Ibrutinib as part of risk-stratified treatment for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder: the phase 2 TIDaL trial

Sridhar Chaganti, Shanna Maycock, Graham McIlroy, Aimee Jackson, Rebecca Bishop, Sarah Johnson, Edward Kanfer, Shireen Kassam, Kate Cwynarski, David Wrench, Arvind Arumainathan, Christopher P. Fox, Rod Johnson, Pam McKay, Shankara Paneesha, Clare Rowntree, Constantine Balotis, Graham P. Collins, Andrew Davies, Josh WrightSarah Burns, Arian Laurence, Keith Wheatley, Tobias Menne*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a rare complication of solid organ transplantation, and cytotoxic chemotherapy is associated with treatment-related morbidity and mortality. Current treatment takes a sequential, risk-stratified approach, and patients with low-risk disease after initial immunotherapy can avoid escalation to immunochemotherapy. TIDaL is a prospective, single-arm phase 2 trial investigating the activity and tolerability of ibrutinib combined with risk-stratified therapy for first-line treatment of PTLD. Eligible patients were adults with newly diagnosed CD20+ B-cell PTLD after solid organ transplant and performance status 0 to 2. Initial treatment comprised 49 days of ibrutinib 560 mg once daily, with 4 doses of weekly rituximab. Treatment response on interim scan and baseline International Prognostic Index were used to allocate patients to either a low-risk arm (who continued ibrutinib, alongside 4 further doses of 3-weekly rituximab) or high-risk (escalation to rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone [R-CHOP] immunochemotherapy, with ibrutinib continuing in patients aged < 65 years). The primary outcome was complete response on interim scan, achieved by 11 of 38 patients (29%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15-46). This did not reach the prespecified threshold for clinically significant activity. Secondary outcomes included allocation to the low-risk arm (41% of patients), 2-year progression-free survival (58%; 95% CI, 44-76), and 2-year overall survival (76%; 95% CI, 63-91). Adverse events were mostly hematological, gastrointestinal, and infective. Although TIDaL does not support adding ibrutinib into first-line treatment of PTLD, increasing the proportion of patients who can be treated without cytotoxic chemotherapy remains an important aim of future research. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #ISRCTN32667607.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)392-401
Number of pages10
JournalBlood
Volume144
Issue number4
Early online date21 Apr 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 25 Jul 2024

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