Huddle test measurement of a near Johnson noise limited geophone

R. Kirchhoff; C. M. Mow-Lowry; V. B. Adya; G. Bergmann; S. Cooper; M. M. Hanke; P. Koch; S. M. Köhlenbeck; J. Lehmann; P. Oppermann; J. Wöhler; D. S. Wu; H. Lück; K. A. Strain

doi:10.1063/1.5000592

Huddle test measurement of a near Johnson noise limited geophone

R. Kirchhoff, C. M. Mow-Lowry, V. B. Adya, G. Bergmann, S. Cooper, M. M. Hanke, P. Koch, S. M. Köhlenbeck, J. Lehmann, P. Oppermann, J. Wöhler, D. S. Wu, H. Lück, K. A. Strain

Physics and Astronomy

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Abstract

In this paper, the sensor noise of two geophone configurations (L-22D and L-4C geophones from Sercel with custom built amplifiers) was measured by performing two huddle tests. It is shown that the accuracy of the results can be significantly improved by performing the huddle test in a seismically quiet environment and by using a large number of reference sensors to remove the seismic foreground signal from the data. Using these two techniques, the measured sensor noise of the two geophone configurations matched the calculated predictions remarkably well in the bandwidth of interest (0.01 Hz-100 Hz). Low noise operational amplifiers OPA188 were utilized to amplify the L-4C geophone to give a sensor that was characterized to be near Johnson noise limited in the bandwidth of interest with a noise value of 10-11 m/Hz at 1 Hz.

Original language	English
Article number	115008
Journal	Review of Scientific Instruments
Volume	88
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5000592
Publication status	Published - 21 Nov 2017

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Instrumentation

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“This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Kirchhoff et al. (2017). Huddle test measurement of a near Johnson noise limited geophone. Review of Scientific Instruments 88, 115008 and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5000592
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title = "Huddle test measurement of a near Johnson noise limited geophone",

abstract = "In this paper, the sensor noise of two geophone configurations (L-22D and L-4C geophones from Sercel with custom built amplifiers) was measured by performing two huddle tests. It is shown that the accuracy of the results can be significantly improved by performing the huddle test in a seismically quiet environment and by using a large number of reference sensors to remove the seismic foreground signal from the data. Using these two techniques, the measured sensor noise of the two geophone configurations matched the calculated predictions remarkably well in the bandwidth of interest (0.01 Hz-100 Hz). Low noise operational amplifiers OPA188 were utilized to amplify the L-4C geophone to give a sensor that was characterized to be near Johnson noise limited in the bandwidth of interest with a noise value of 10-11 m/Hz at 1 Hz.",

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AU - Kirchhoff, R.

AU - Mow-Lowry, C. M.

AU - Adya, V. B.

AU - Bergmann, G.

AU - Cooper, S.

AU - Hanke, M. M.

AU - Koch, P.

AU - Köhlenbeck, S. M.

AU - Lehmann, J.

AU - Oppermann, P.

AU - Wöhler, J.

AU - Wu, D. S.

AU - Lück, H.

AU - Strain, K. A.

PY - 2017/11/21

Y1 - 2017/11/21

N2 - In this paper, the sensor noise of two geophone configurations (L-22D and L-4C geophones from Sercel with custom built amplifiers) was measured by performing two huddle tests. It is shown that the accuracy of the results can be significantly improved by performing the huddle test in a seismically quiet environment and by using a large number of reference sensors to remove the seismic foreground signal from the data. Using these two techniques, the measured sensor noise of the two geophone configurations matched the calculated predictions remarkably well in the bandwidth of interest (0.01 Hz-100 Hz). Low noise operational amplifiers OPA188 were utilized to amplify the L-4C geophone to give a sensor that was characterized to be near Johnson noise limited in the bandwidth of interest with a noise value of 10-11 m/Hz at 1 Hz.

AB - In this paper, the sensor noise of two geophone configurations (L-22D and L-4C geophones from Sercel with custom built amplifiers) was measured by performing two huddle tests. It is shown that the accuracy of the results can be significantly improved by performing the huddle test in a seismically quiet environment and by using a large number of reference sensors to remove the seismic foreground signal from the data. Using these two techniques, the measured sensor noise of the two geophone configurations matched the calculated predictions remarkably well in the bandwidth of interest (0.01 Hz-100 Hz). Low noise operational amplifiers OPA188 were utilized to amplify the L-4C geophone to give a sensor that was characterized to be near Johnson noise limited in the bandwidth of interest with a noise value of 10-11 m/Hz at 1 Hz.

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Huddle test measurement of a near Johnson noise limited geophone

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