Healthy China: Implications of International and Domestic Strategies, Policies, and Practices for Obesity Prevention and Control — China, 2023

Introduction: Obesity has emerged as a critical public health challenge in China, with prevalence rates rising steadily across all age groups and threatening both long-term health outcomes and economic sustainability. This study examines China’s current obesity prevention and control landscape, comparing it with international practices to provide evidence-based recommendations for strengthening national strategies.

Methods: Between July and October 2023, we conducted a comprehensive literature review and engaged 19 experts (9 from China; 10 from the United States (US), Japan, the United Kingdom (UK), and Spain) through purposive, criterion-based sampling. We collected data using a semi-structured questionnaire covering personal information, obesity-related policies and service status, and recommendations for China. Quantitative data underwent descriptive analysis, while qualitative data were examined using thematic analysis.

Results: Experts identified persistent barriers in China’s obesity control efforts, including fragmented policies, insufficient public awareness, suboptimal service quality, and limited healthcare facilities. Compared with high-income countries, China’s approach lacks robust regulatory frameworks and effective multisectoral coordination mechanisms.

Conclusions: These findings underscore the urgent need for China to strengthen evidence-based, integrated approaches to obesity prevention and management. Adapting successful international experiences to local contexts will be essential for enhancing national obesity control efforts and advancing the Healthy China initiative goals.