Grid-connected PV system’s voltage stabilisation using model predictive control based MPPT during abrupt changes in irradiance

Voltage fluctuations or disturbances caused by discontinuous power generation of photovoltaic systems can impact the grid's power quality and stability, potentially leading to disruptions or equipment damage. A stable and regulated output voltage is necessary for increasing the penetration of photovoltaic systems in the grid. For photovoltaic systems connected to the grid with a boost DC/DC converter, the output DC voltage can be adjusted using a model predictive controller to meet the desired setpoints of the control of the DC/AC stage. Maximum power point tracking techniques also play an essential role in system stability and have to be coordinated with the control of both converters. This paper presents the development of a proposed model-based predictive controller for the maximum power point tracking algorithm in order to improve voltage stability of the DC/AC controller for any weather condition. The proposed maximum power point tracking based on model predictive controller has been compared with a modified perturb and observe algorithm using numerical simulations in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results show that MPC based MPPT algorithm provides more smooth voltage to inverter as compared to modified P&O based MPPT algorithms.