Gender distribution of scientific prizes is associated with naming of awards after men, women or neutral

Woman scientists have for long been underrepresented as recipient of academic prizes. The reasons for this lack of recognition are manifold, including potential gender bias amongst award panels and nomination practices. This dataset of the gender distribution of 8,747 recipients of 345 scientific medals and prizes awarded by 11 General Scientific Societies as well as subject specific societies in the Earth and Environmental Sciences and in Cardiology between 1731-2021 explores the magnitude, temporal trends and potential drivers of observed gender imbalances. Our analysis revealed women were particularly underrepresented in awards named after men, with awards not named after a person or named after a woman being more frequently awarded to woman scientists. Time series analysis confirmed persisting trends that are only starting to change since the early 2000s, indicating that a lot remains to be done to achieve true equity. We encourage the scientific community to extend this data and analysis that represent important evidence of recognition of academic achievements towards other under-represented groups and including also nomination information.