Functionalisation of Fullerenes for Biomedical Applications

The unique structure of the fullerenes offers vast opportunities for the exploitation of this carbon allotrope family in the biomedical field. Their electron deficiency, reactive exteriors, and inert interiors make them ideal molecular building blocks. This chapter explores some exohedral functionalisation routes to yield water-soluble fullerene derivatives which can be safely deployed within the body, before moving to an in-depth look at several promising application areas. These include antivirals, chemotherapeutics, antioxidants, photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy, drug delivery vehicles, and contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Particular importance is placed on the relationship between structure and function.