Energy saving technologies for urban bus transport

Reduction of non-renewable sources of energy and the ecological state of metropolises have become the cause of the search for optimal solutions for introduction of energyefficient and environmentally friendly technologies for urban bus transport, which is the purpose of this work. A review of environmentally friendly buses has shown that electric buses (electrobuses) are the most perspective. However, rapid replacement of all the buses with electrobuses is impossible because of their high cost. A comparative analysis of the operating costs of different types of buses of the same destination and class has been carried out in order to choose the optimal variant. Thus, one route of 4.23 km in length was chosen in Kharkiv (Ukraine). Experimental and calculated data showed that a minibus converted into an electrobus is the most acceptable means for urban passenger transportation. Ultra-capacitors are suggested as an energy source. The conceptual diagram of the model of such a bus is presented and the technical requirements for its components are determined. The data and proposals are useful for Ukraine and for countries with low economic development that cannot quickly replace old diesel buses with new, environmentally friendly, electrobuses. The results of this work are the basis for further research and development.