Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial

Rasha Babiker; Khalifa Elmusharaf; Michael B. Keogh; Amal M. Saeed

doi:10.1186/s12944-018-0711-y

Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial

Rasha Babiker^*, Khalifa Elmusharaf, Michael B. Keogh, Amal M. Saeed

^*Corresponding author for this work

Applied Health Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

38 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: There is a strong association between cardiometabolic risk and adipose tissue dysfunction with great consequences on type 2 diabetic patients. Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is an indirect clinical marker of adipose tissue dysfunction. Gum Arabic (GA) is a safe dietary fiber, an exudate of Acacia Senegal. Gum Arabic had shown lipid lowering effect in both humans and animals. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of GA supplementation on anthropometric obesity marker, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial recruited a total of 91 type 2 diabetic patients (73 females, 18 males), age (mean ± SD) 50.09 ± 9.3 years on hypoglycemic agents and were randomly assigned into two groups, either to consume 30 g of GA or 5 g of placebo daily for 3 months. Anthropometric obesity markers were measured and indices were calculated. Blood pressure was measured and high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) were determined in fasting blood samples at the start and end of the study period. Results: After intervention, Gum Arabic decreased BMI and VAI significantly (P < 0.05) in GA group by 2 and 23.7% respectively. Body adiposity index significantly decreased by 3.9% in GA group while there were no significant changes in waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased by 7.6% in GA group and by 2.7% in placebo group from baseline with no significant changes in diastolic blood pressure in the two groups. Conclusion: Gum Arabic consumption at a dose of 30 g/d for 3 months may play an effective role in preventing weight gain and modulating adipose tissue dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients, although no effect has been shown in waist-to-hip ratio. Trial registration: The trial had been registered as prospective interventional clinical trials in the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR) PACTR201403000785219, on 7th March 2014.

Original language	English
Article number	56
Journal	Lipids in Health and Disease
Volume	17
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0711-y
Publication status	Published - 20 Mar 2018

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Financial support for this study was provided by University of Medical Sciences and Technology (UMST) and Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD)/ (TWAS).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Author(s).

Keywords

BMI and blood pressure
Gum Arabic
Lipid profile
Nutrition
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
VAI

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology
Clinical Biochemistry
Biochemistry, medical

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Babiker, R., Elmusharaf, K., Keogh, M. B., & Saeed, A. M. (2018). Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lipids in Health and Disease, 17(1), Article 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0711-y

Babiker, Rasha ; Elmusharaf, Khalifa ; Keogh, Michael B. et al. / Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD) : A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. In: Lipids in Health and Disease. 2018 ; Vol. 17, No. 1.

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title = "Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial",

abstract = "Background: There is a strong association between cardiometabolic risk and adipose tissue dysfunction with great consequences on type 2 diabetic patients. Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is an indirect clinical marker of adipose tissue dysfunction. Gum Arabic (GA) is a safe dietary fiber, an exudate of Acacia Senegal. Gum Arabic had shown lipid lowering effect in both humans and animals. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of GA supplementation on anthropometric obesity marker, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial recruited a total of 91 type 2 diabetic patients (73 females, 18 males), age (mean ± SD) 50.09 ± 9.3 years on hypoglycemic agents and were randomly assigned into two groups, either to consume 30 g of GA or 5 g of placebo daily for 3 months. Anthropometric obesity markers were measured and indices were calculated. Blood pressure was measured and high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) were determined in fasting blood samples at the start and end of the study period. Results: After intervention, Gum Arabic decreased BMI and VAI significantly (P < 0.05) in GA group by 2 and 23.7% respectively. Body adiposity index significantly decreased by 3.9% in GA group while there were no significant changes in waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased by 7.6% in GA group and by 2.7% in placebo group from baseline with no significant changes in diastolic blood pressure in the two groups. Conclusion: Gum Arabic consumption at a dose of 30 g/d for 3 months may play an effective role in preventing weight gain and modulating adipose tissue dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients, although no effect has been shown in waist-to-hip ratio. Trial registration: The trial had been registered as prospective interventional clinical trials in the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR) PACTR201403000785219, on 7th March 2014.",

keywords = "BMI and blood pressure, Gum Arabic, Lipid profile, Nutrition, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, VAI",

author = "Rasha Babiker and Khalifa Elmusharaf and Keogh, {Michael B.} and Saeed, {Amal M.}",

note = "Funding Information: Financial support for this study was provided by University of Medical Sciences and Technology (UMST) and Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD)/ (TWAS). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s).",

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Babiker, R, Elmusharaf, K, Keogh, MB & Saeed, AM 2018, 'Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial', Lipids in Health and Disease, vol. 17, no. 1, 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0711-y

Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. / Babiker, Rasha; Elmusharaf, Khalifa; Keogh, Michael B. et al.
In: Lipids in Health and Disease, Vol. 17, No. 1, 56, 20.03.2018.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD)

T2 - A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial

AU - Babiker, Rasha

AU - Elmusharaf, Khalifa

AU - Keogh, Michael B.

AU - Saeed, Amal M.

N1 - Funding Information: Financial support for this study was provided by University of Medical Sciences and Technology (UMST) and Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD)/ (TWAS). Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s).

PY - 2018/3/20

Y1 - 2018/3/20

N2 - Background: There is a strong association between cardiometabolic risk and adipose tissue dysfunction with great consequences on type 2 diabetic patients. Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is an indirect clinical marker of adipose tissue dysfunction. Gum Arabic (GA) is a safe dietary fiber, an exudate of Acacia Senegal. Gum Arabic had shown lipid lowering effect in both humans and animals. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of GA supplementation on anthropometric obesity marker, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial recruited a total of 91 type 2 diabetic patients (73 females, 18 males), age (mean ± SD) 50.09 ± 9.3 years on hypoglycemic agents and were randomly assigned into two groups, either to consume 30 g of GA or 5 g of placebo daily for 3 months. Anthropometric obesity markers were measured and indices were calculated. Blood pressure was measured and high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) were determined in fasting blood samples at the start and end of the study period. Results: After intervention, Gum Arabic decreased BMI and VAI significantly (P < 0.05) in GA group by 2 and 23.7% respectively. Body adiposity index significantly decreased by 3.9% in GA group while there were no significant changes in waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased by 7.6% in GA group and by 2.7% in placebo group from baseline with no significant changes in diastolic blood pressure in the two groups. Conclusion: Gum Arabic consumption at a dose of 30 g/d for 3 months may play an effective role in preventing weight gain and modulating adipose tissue dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients, although no effect has been shown in waist-to-hip ratio. Trial registration: The trial had been registered as prospective interventional clinical trials in the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR) PACTR201403000785219, on 7th March 2014.

AB - Background: There is a strong association between cardiometabolic risk and adipose tissue dysfunction with great consequences on type 2 diabetic patients. Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is an indirect clinical marker of adipose tissue dysfunction. Gum Arabic (GA) is a safe dietary fiber, an exudate of Acacia Senegal. Gum Arabic had shown lipid lowering effect in both humans and animals. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of GA supplementation on anthropometric obesity marker, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial recruited a total of 91 type 2 diabetic patients (73 females, 18 males), age (mean ± SD) 50.09 ± 9.3 years on hypoglycemic agents and were randomly assigned into two groups, either to consume 30 g of GA or 5 g of placebo daily for 3 months. Anthropometric obesity markers were measured and indices were calculated. Blood pressure was measured and high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) were determined in fasting blood samples at the start and end of the study period. Results: After intervention, Gum Arabic decreased BMI and VAI significantly (P < 0.05) in GA group by 2 and 23.7% respectively. Body adiposity index significantly decreased by 3.9% in GA group while there were no significant changes in waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased by 7.6% in GA group and by 2.7% in placebo group from baseline with no significant changes in diastolic blood pressure in the two groups. Conclusion: Gum Arabic consumption at a dose of 30 g/d for 3 months may play an effective role in preventing weight gain and modulating adipose tissue dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients, although no effect has been shown in waist-to-hip ratio. Trial registration: The trial had been registered as prospective interventional clinical trials in the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR) PACTR201403000785219, on 7th March 2014.

KW - BMI and blood pressure

KW - Gum Arabic

KW - Lipid profile

KW - Nutrition

KW - Type 2 diabetes mellitus

KW - VAI

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U2 - 10.1186/s12944-018-0711-y

DO - 10.1186/s12944-018-0711-y

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SN - 1476-511X

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Babiker R, Elmusharaf K, Keogh MB, Saeed AM. Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): A randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2018 Mar 20;17(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12944-018-0711-y