TY - JOUR
T1 - Drug abusers have impaired cerebral oxygenation and cognition during exercise
AU - Grandjean da Costa, Kell
AU - Soares Rachetti, Vanessa
AU - Quirino Alves da Silva, Weslley
AU - Aranha Rego Cabral, Daniel
AU - Gomes da Silva Machado, Daniel
AU - Caldas Costa, Eduardo
AU - Forti, Rodrigo Menezes
AU - Mesquita, Rickson
AU - Elsangedy, Hassan Mohamed
AU - Hideki Okano, Alexandre
AU - Bodnariuc Fontes, Eduardo
PY - 2017/11/10
Y1 - 2017/11/10
N2 - BACKGROUND: Individuals with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) have lower baseline metabolic activity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) associated with impairment of cognitive functions in decision-making and inhibitory control. Aerobic exercise has shown to improve PFC function and cognitive performance, however, its effects on SUD individuals remain unclear.PURPOSE: To verify the cognitive performance and oxygenation of the PFC during an incremental exercise in SUD individuals.METHODS: Fourteen individuals under SUD treatment performed a maximum graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer with continuous measurements of oxygen consumption, PFC oxygenation, and inhibitory control (Stroop test) every two minutes of exercise at different intensities. Fifteen non-SUD individuals performed the same protocol and were used as control group.RESULTS: Exercise increased oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and total hemoglobin (tHb) by 9% and 7%, respectively. However, when compared to a non-SUD group, this increase was lower at high intensities (p<0.001), and the inhibitory cognitive control was lower at rest and during exercise (p<0.007). In addition, PFC hemodynamics during exercise was inversely correlated with inhibitory cognitive performance (reaction time) (r = -0.62, p = 0.001), and a lower craving perception for the specific abused substance (p = 0.0189) was reported immediately after exercise.CONCLUSION: Despite SUD individuals having their PFC cerebral oxygenation increased during exercise, they presented lower cognition and oxygenation when compared to controls, especially at elevated intensities. These results may reinforce the role of exercise as an adjuvant treatment to improve PFC function and cognitive control in individuals with SUD.
AB - BACKGROUND: Individuals with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) have lower baseline metabolic activity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) associated with impairment of cognitive functions in decision-making and inhibitory control. Aerobic exercise has shown to improve PFC function and cognitive performance, however, its effects on SUD individuals remain unclear.PURPOSE: To verify the cognitive performance and oxygenation of the PFC during an incremental exercise in SUD individuals.METHODS: Fourteen individuals under SUD treatment performed a maximum graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer with continuous measurements of oxygen consumption, PFC oxygenation, and inhibitory control (Stroop test) every two minutes of exercise at different intensities. Fifteen non-SUD individuals performed the same protocol and were used as control group.RESULTS: Exercise increased oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and total hemoglobin (tHb) by 9% and 7%, respectively. However, when compared to a non-SUD group, this increase was lower at high intensities (p<0.001), and the inhibitory cognitive control was lower at rest and during exercise (p<0.007). In addition, PFC hemodynamics during exercise was inversely correlated with inhibitory cognitive performance (reaction time) (r = -0.62, p = 0.001), and a lower craving perception for the specific abused substance (p = 0.0189) was reported immediately after exercise.CONCLUSION: Despite SUD individuals having their PFC cerebral oxygenation increased during exercise, they presented lower cognition and oxygenation when compared to controls, especially at elevated intensities. These results may reinforce the role of exercise as an adjuvant treatment to improve PFC function and cognitive control in individuals with SUD.
KW - Adolescent
KW - Adult
KW - Brain/metabolism
KW - Cognition
KW - Exercise
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Oxygen Consumption
KW - Young Adult
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0188030
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0188030
M3 - Article
C2 - 29125875
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 12
SP - e0188030
JO - PLOS One
JF - PLOS One
IS - 11
ER -