TY - JOUR
T1 - Distinct personality profiles associated with disease risk and diagnostic status in eating disorders
AU - Zhang, Zuo
AU - Robinson, Lauren
AU - Campbell, Iain
AU - Irish, Madeleine
AU - Bobou, Marina
AU - Winterer, Jeanne
AU - Zhang, Yuning
AU - King, Sinead
AU - Vaidya, Nilakshi
AU - Broulidakis, M. John
AU - van Noort, Betteke Maria
AU - Stringaris, Argyris
AU - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU - Bokde, Arun L.W.
AU - Brühl, Rüdiger
AU - Fröhner, Juliane H.
AU - Grigis, Antoine
AU - Garavan, Hugh
AU - Gowland, Penny
AU - Heinz, Andreas
AU - Hohmann, Sarah
AU - Martinot, Jean Luc
AU - Paillère Martinot, Marie Laure
AU - Nees, Frauke
AU - Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos
AU - Paus, Tomáš
AU - Poustka, Luise
AU - Sinclair, Julia
AU - Smolka, Michael N.
AU - Walter, Henrik
AU - Whelan, Robert
AU - Schumann, Gunter
AU - Schmidt, Ulrike
AU - Desrivières, Sylvane
AU - IMAGEN Consortium
AU - ESTRA Consortium
AU - STRATIFY Consortium
PY - 2024/9/1
Y1 - 2024/9/1
N2 - Background: Personality traits have been associated with eating disorders (EDs) and comorbidities. However, it is unclear which personality profiles are premorbid risk rather than diagnostic markers. Methods: We explored associations between personality and ED-related mental health symptoms using canonical correlation analyses. We investigated personality risk profiles in a longitudinal sample, associating personality at age 14 with onset of mental health symptoms at ages 16 or 19. Diagnostic markers were identified in a sample of young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 58) or bulimia nervosa (BN, n = 63) and healthy controls (n = 47). Results: Two significant premorbid risk profiles were identified, successively explaining 7.93 % and 5.60 % of shared variance (Rc2). The first combined neuroticism (canonical loading, rs = 0.68), openness (rs = 0.32), impulsivity (rs = 0.29), and conscientiousness (rs = 0.27), with future onset of anxiety symptoms (rs = 0.87) and dieting (rs = 0.58). The other, combined lower agreeableness (rs = −0.60) and lower anxiety sensitivity (rs = −0.47), with future deliberate self-harm (rs = 0.76) and purging (rs = 0.55). Personality profiles associated with “core psychopathology” in both AN (Rc2 = 80.56 %) and BN diagnoses (Rc2 = 64.38 %) comprised hopelessness (rs = 0.95, 0.87) and neuroticism (rs = 0.93, 0.94). For BN, this profile also included impulsivity (rs = 0.60). Additionally, extraversion (rs = 0.41) was associated with lower depressive risk in BN.Limitations: The samples were not ethnically diverse. The clinical cohort included only females. There was non-random attrition in the longitudinal sample. Conclusions: The results suggest neuroticism and impulsivity as risk and diagnostic markers for EDs, with neuroticism and hopelessness as shared diagnostic markers. They may inform the design of more personalised prevention and intervention strategies.
AB - Background: Personality traits have been associated with eating disorders (EDs) and comorbidities. However, it is unclear which personality profiles are premorbid risk rather than diagnostic markers. Methods: We explored associations between personality and ED-related mental health symptoms using canonical correlation analyses. We investigated personality risk profiles in a longitudinal sample, associating personality at age 14 with onset of mental health symptoms at ages 16 or 19. Diagnostic markers were identified in a sample of young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 58) or bulimia nervosa (BN, n = 63) and healthy controls (n = 47). Results: Two significant premorbid risk profiles were identified, successively explaining 7.93 % and 5.60 % of shared variance (Rc2). The first combined neuroticism (canonical loading, rs = 0.68), openness (rs = 0.32), impulsivity (rs = 0.29), and conscientiousness (rs = 0.27), with future onset of anxiety symptoms (rs = 0.87) and dieting (rs = 0.58). The other, combined lower agreeableness (rs = −0.60) and lower anxiety sensitivity (rs = −0.47), with future deliberate self-harm (rs = 0.76) and purging (rs = 0.55). Personality profiles associated with “core psychopathology” in both AN (Rc2 = 80.56 %) and BN diagnoses (Rc2 = 64.38 %) comprised hopelessness (rs = 0.95, 0.87) and neuroticism (rs = 0.93, 0.94). For BN, this profile also included impulsivity (rs = 0.60). Additionally, extraversion (rs = 0.41) was associated with lower depressive risk in BN.Limitations: The samples were not ethnically diverse. The clinical cohort included only females. There was non-random attrition in the longitudinal sample. Conclusions: The results suggest neuroticism and impulsivity as risk and diagnostic markers for EDs, with neuroticism and hopelessness as shared diagnostic markers. They may inform the design of more personalised prevention and intervention strategies.
KW - Eating disorders
KW - Personality
KW - Risk factor
KW - Diagnostic marker
KW - Comorbidity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85194950087&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.132
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.132
M3 - Article
C2 - 38810783
AN - SCOPUS:85194950087
SN - 0165-0327
VL - 360
SP - 146
EP - 155
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
ER -