Design of 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 filtering butler matrices utilizing combined 90° and 180° couplers

Qiang Shao; Fu Chang Chen; Yi Wang; Qing Xin Chu

doi:10.1109/TMTT.2021.3085879

Design of 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 filtering butler matrices utilizing combined 90° and 180° couplers

Qiang Shao, Fu Chang Chen^*, Yi Wang, Qing Xin Chu

^*Corresponding author for this work

Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering

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Abstract

In this article, a novel design approach for designing $4\times 4$ and $8\times 8$ filtering Butler matrices is proposed. The matrices, composed of combined 90° couplers and 180° filtering couplers as well as phase shifters, provide incremental phase shifts and a bandpass filter performance. The detailed design process and synthesis method for the Butler matrices are presented. A three-layer symmetrical stripline structure is used to realize the Butler matrix, allowing a fully planar structure without interlayer connections. For experimental verification, two prototype $4\times 4$ and $8\times 8$ filtering Butler matrices, operating at the center frequency of 2.4 GHz with a bandpass response, are devised, manufactured, and tested. The test results match well with the simulation ones. Based on the measurements, array factors have been calculated, which further indicate the acceptance of the measured results.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3842-3852
Number of pages	11
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Volume	69
Issue number	8
Early online date	14 Jun 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2021.3085879
Publication status	Published - Aug 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Manuscript received January 26, 2021; revised April 9, 2021; accepted May 11, 2021. Date of publication June 14, 2021; date of current version August 5, 2021. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62022035, in part by the Guangdong Provincial Key Research and Development Programme under Grant 2020B010179002, and in part by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2019B151502032. (Corresponding author: Fu-Chang Chen.) Qiang Shao was with the School of Electronics, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K. He is now with the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.

Publisher Copyright:
© 1963-2012 IEEE.

Keywords

180° couplers
90° couplers
Bandpass filter
Butler matrix
stripline

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Radiation
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/TMTT.2021.3085879Licence: None: All rights reserved

shaoq2021design
This is an accepted manuscript version of an article first published in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. The final version of record is available at https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2021.3085879
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Cite this

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title = "Design of 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 filtering butler matrices utilizing combined 90° and 180° couplers",

abstract = "In this article, a novel design approach for designing $4\times 4$ and $8\times 8$ filtering Butler matrices is proposed. The matrices, composed of combined 90° couplers and 180° filtering couplers as well as phase shifters, provide incremental phase shifts and a bandpass filter performance. The detailed design process and synthesis method for the Butler matrices are presented. A three-layer symmetrical stripline structure is used to realize the Butler matrix, allowing a fully planar structure without interlayer connections. For experimental verification, two prototype $4\times 4$ and $8\times 8$ filtering Butler matrices, operating at the center frequency of 2.4 GHz with a bandpass response, are devised, manufactured, and tested. The test results match well with the simulation ones. Based on the measurements, array factors have been calculated, which further indicate the acceptance of the measured results.",

keywords = "180° couplers, 90° couplers, Bandpass filter, Butler matrix, stripline",

author = "Qiang Shao and Chen, {Fu Chang} and Yi Wang and Chu, {Qing Xin}",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received January 26, 2021; revised April 9, 2021; accepted May 11, 2021. Date of publication June 14, 2021; date of current version August 5, 2021. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62022035, in part by the Guangdong Provincial Key Research and Development Programme under Grant 2020B010179002, and in part by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2019B151502032. (Corresponding author: Fu-Chang Chen.) Qiang Shao was with the School of Electronics, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K. He is now with the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1963-2012 IEEE.",

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N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received January 26, 2021; revised April 9, 2021; accepted May 11, 2021. Date of publication June 14, 2021; date of current version August 5, 2021. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62022035, in part by the Guangdong Provincial Key Research and Development Programme under Grant 2020B010179002, and in part by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2019B151502032. (Corresponding author: Fu-Chang Chen.) Qiang Shao was with the School of Electronics, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K. He is now with the School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. Publisher Copyright: © 1963-2012 IEEE.

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Design of 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 filtering butler matrices utilizing combined 90° and 180° couplers

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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