Abstract
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common and often-underdiagnosed complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). CAN is associated with increased mortality, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and morbidity in patients with DM, but despite these significant consequences CAN often remains undiagnosed for a prolonged period. This is commonly due to the disease being asymptomatic until the later stages, as well as a lack of easily available screening strategies. In this article, we review the latest developments in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, consequences, and treatments of CAN in patients with DM.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 419-434 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy |
Volume | 10 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 6 Oct 2017 |
Keywords
- 30:15 ratio
- Autonomic
- Cardiovascular
- Deep breathing
- Ewing criteria
- Ewing tests
- Heart-rate variability
- Hyperglycemia
- Neuropathy
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Parasympathetic
- Postural hypotension
- Sympathetic
- Valsalva ratio
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Internal Medicine
- Pharmacology