Biomarkers—A general review

Jeffrey Aronson, Robin Ferner

    Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

    21 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    A biomarker is a biological observation that substitutes for and ideally predicts a clinically relevant endpoint or intermediate outcome that is more difficult to observe. The use of clinical biomarkers is easier and less expensive than direct measurement of the final clinical endpoint, and biomarkers are usually measured over a shorter time span. They can be used in disease screening, diagnosis, characterization, and monitoring; as prognostic indicators; for developing individualized therapeutic interventions; for predicting and treating adverse drug reactions; for identifying cell types; and for pharmacodynamic and dose-response studies. To understand the value of a biomarker, it is necessary to know the pathophysiological relationship between the biomarker and the relevant clinical endpoint. Good biomarkers should be measurable with little or no variability, should have a sizeable signal to noise ratio, and should change promptly and reliably in response to changes in the condition or its therapy
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)9.23.1-9.23.17
    Number of pages9
    JournalCurrent Protocols in Pharmacology
    Volume76
    Early online date17 Mar 2017
    DOIs
    Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 17 Mar 2017

    Keywords

    • monitoring drug therapy
    • surrogate markers
    • adverse drug reactions
    • biomarkers
    • drug discovery
    • drug development
    • diagnosis
    • surrogate endpoints
    • screening

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