Activity of OGG1 variants in the repair of pro-oxidant-induced 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine

D J Smart, J K Chipman, N J Hodges

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

68 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cells are continuously exposed to damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are produced from both endogenous and exogenous sources. 8-Oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is an abundant base lesion formed during oxidative stress which, if not repaired, can give rise to G:C-->T:A transversions in DNA. The 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1)-initiated base excision repair (BER) pathway operates to remove 8-oxodG lesions. Ogg1 deletion and polymorphism may result in a hypermutator phenotype and susceptibility to oxidative pathologies including cancer. Limited and conflicting evidence exists regarding the repair capacity of a prevalent human OGG1 (hOGG1) polymorphism, the Cys326-hOGG1 variant. The formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG)-modified comet assay was used to investigate the ability of sodium dichromate, potassium bromate and Ro19-8022 (+light) to induce DNA damage in mogg1(-/-) null (KO) and wild-type (WT) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and to assess hOGG1 variant-initiated BER capacities under conditions of oxidative stress. Treatment of WT MEFs with these pro-oxidant agents induced direct DNA strand breaks in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas, identical treatment of KO MEFs produced no effect. In contrast, KO MEFs accumulated significantly more FPG-sensitive sites than WT MEFs. Expression of hOGG1 in KO MEFs restored the WT phenotype in response to all pro-oxidants tested. The results suggest OGG1-initiated BER generates direct DNA strand breaks detected by the conventional comet assay, thus it is important that researchers do not interpret these as direct damage per se but rather a reflection of the repair process. The data also indicate Cys326-hOGG1-initiated BER is transiently impaired with respect to Ser326-hOGG1 (wild-type)- and Gly326-hOGG1 (artificial)-initiated BER following pro-oxidant treatment, possibly via hOGG1 cysteine 326 oxidation. This finding suggests the homozygous cys326/cys326 genotype may be classified as a biomarker of disease susceptibility, which is in support of a growing body of epidemiological evidence.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1337-45
Number of pages9
JournalDNA Repair
Volume5
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 8 Nov 2006

Keywords

  • Mutagens
  • Animals
  • Bromates
  • Comet Assay
  • DNA Glycosylases
  • DNA Repair
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • DNA Breaks
  • Glutathione
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Quinolizines
  • Chromates
  • Pyrrolidines
  • Deoxyadenosines
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Light
  • Oxidants
  • Cell Line

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