A cost of illness study of the economic burden of diabetes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Background: Diabetes poses an increasing public health and economic challenge in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), yet its full financial impact across the region remains poorly quantified. 

Aim: To estimate the economic burden of diabetes, including direct and indirect costs, in the 22 EMR countries and territories. 

Methods: A prevalence-based approach was used to estimate the annual direct and indirect costs of diabetes in the EMR from 2023 to 2050. Data were sourced from international, open-access databases. Mortality costs were estimated using the value of a statistical life-year approach. 

Results: In 2023, diabetes affected more than 74 million people in the EMR and caused approximately 833 000 deaths. By 2050, diabetes cases are projected to reach 150 million, with associated deaths rising to 2 million. The economic burden in 2023 was estimated at 639 billion international dollars (Int$), 89% of which was attributable to indirect costs. By 2050, the burden is expected to reach Int$ 1.5 trillion. 

Conclusion: Without urgent intervention, diabetes will place increasing strain on healthcare systems, hinder economic growth and widen health inequalities. Implementing cost-effective public health strategies can significantly reduce its societal and economic burden.